{"id":10982,"date":"2022-02-20T23:52:42","date_gmt":"2022-02-20T22:52:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/?page_id=10982"},"modified":"2022-03-21T22:02:21","modified_gmt":"2022-03-21T21:02:21","slug":"i-jos","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/tajanstveni-stanovnici\/i-jos\/","title":{"rendered":"I jo\u0161&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616027557234{background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}&#8221;][vc_column]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-6a1ba5fa6e549\" data-id=\"6a1ba5fa6e549\" data-height=\"75\" data-height-mobile=\"75\" data-height-tab=\"75\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3>U jednoj od najpoznatijih knjiga svih vremena &#8211; Malom princu, Antoine de Saint-Exupery napisao je: \u201ebitno je o\u010dima nevidljivo\u201c. Sli\u010dno se mo\u017ee primijeniti na \u017eiva bi\u0107a na Zemlji, ali i na prirodu op\u0107enito. Za ilustraciju, ako bismo uzeli sve ljude svijeta i stavili ih s jedne strane imaginarne vage, a s druge strane stavili sve bakterije svijeta, saznali bi da su bakterije vi\u0161e od 1 000 puta te\u017ee od nas. Bi\u0107a o kojima ve\u0107ina nas ne zna mnogo, a za neke od njih nismo nikada niti \u010duli, zaslu\u017ena su \u0161to je Zemlja danas planet pogodan za opstanak i razvoj \u010dovje\u010danstva. Najo\u010ditiji primjer je proizvodnja kisika pri \u010demu vi\u0161e od pola ukupne proizvodnje kisika na Zemlji daju malene, \u010desto i mikroskopske alge. Osim proizvodnje kisika tu je cijeli niz drugih va\u017enih procesa, koje uglavnom pokre\u0107u malo poznati organizmi, a neki od njih su razgradnja organskih tvari, kru\u017eenje tvari i formiranje tla. Nau\u010dimo vi\u0161e o nekima od njih!<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-6a1ba5fa6e57a\" data-id=\"6a1ba5fa6e57a\" data-height=\"75\" data-height-mobile=\"75\" data-height-tab=\"75\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_id=&#8221;gljive&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616028410803{background-color: #ffffff !important;}&#8221; el_class=&#8221;square-left&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1>Gljive<\/h1>\n<p>Gljive su velika i ekolo\u0161ki iznimno va\u017ena skupina organizama stara preko 700 milijuna godina. Te\u0161ko je prenaglasiti njihovu va\u017enost u prirodi, a ve\u0107ina nas ne zna gotovo ni\u0161ta o njima.[\/vc_column_text]<div id=\"modal-trg-txt-wrap-9082\" class=\"ult-modal-input-wrapper ult-adjust-bottom-margin    \" data-keypress-control=\"keypress-control-enable\" data-overlay-control=\"overlay-control-enable\"><button  data-ultimate-target='#modal-trg-txt-wrap-9082 .btn-modal'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:26px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"background:#ffffff;border-color:#ffffff;color:#3f3f3f; font-family:&#039;Raleway&#039;;\" data-class-id=\"content-6a1ba5fa6e6202-31051936\" class=\"btn-modal ult-responsive btn-primary btn-modal-lg overlay-show ult-align-right btn-id-6a1ba5fa6e6202-31051936\" data-overlay-class=\"overlay-fade\">Saznajte vi\u0161e<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"ult-overlay content-6a1ba5fa6e6202-31051936 \" data-class=\"content-6a1ba5fa6e6202-31051936\" id=\"button-click-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(51,51,51,0.8); display:none;\">\n\t<div class=\"ult_modal ult-fade ult-medium\">\n\t\t<div id=\"ult-modal-wrap-4048\" class=\"ult_modal-content ult-hide\" style=\"border-style:solid;border-width:2px;border-radius:0px;border-color:#333333;\">\n\t\t\t<div  data-ultimate-target='#ult-modal-wrap-4048 .ult_modal-body'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"ult_modal-body ult-responsive ult-html\" style=\"\">\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h1>Gljive<\/h1>\n<p>Gljive su velika i ekolo\u0161ki iznimno va\u017ena skupina organizama stara preko 700 milijuna godina. Te\u0161ko je prenaglasiti njihovu va\u017enost u prirodi, a ve\u0107ina nas ne zna gotovo ni\u0161ta o njima. Nastanjuju ve\u0107inu stani\u0161ta na Zemlji, a uglavnom im odgovaraju uvjeti poja\u010dane zasjenjenosti i vla\u017enosti zbog \u010dega ih naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e nalazimo u \u0161umskim ekosustavima. Razgra\u0111uju\u0107i mrtvu organsku tvar, tvore\u0107i simbiontsku vezu s vaskularnim biljkama (mikorizu) ili zelenim algama i cijanobakterijama (formiraju\u0107i li\u0161ajeve), te \u017eive\u0107i nametni\u010dkim \u017eivotom na svojim doma\u0107inima, gljive u velikoj mjeri uvjetuju \u017eivot na Zemlji kakav poznajemo. Imaju ulogu u razgradnji i recikliranju tvari u velikom broju razli\u010ditih stani\u0161ta. Poma\u017eu opstanak drugih vrsta \u017eivog svijeta kroz pru\u017eanje nutrijenata, npr. osloba\u0111aju du\u0161ik i fosfor iz raspadaju\u0107ih tvari i konvertiraju ih u oblik koji drugi organizmi mogu koristiti. Zahvaljuju\u0107i svom tipu prehrane koji podrazumijeva probavu prije konzumacije, razgra\u0111uju velike i te\u0161ko razgradive molekule koje bi ina\u010de ostale neiskori\u0161tene u okoli\u0161u. Novija istra\u017eivanja pokazuju da u sklopu mikorize \u2013 simbiontske veze izme\u0111u gljiva i korijenovog sustava biljaka, gljive ne poma\u017eu biljkama samo kroz pru\u017eanje nutrijenata iz tla ve\u0107 biljke koriste razgranatu mre\u017eu gljiva za me\u0111usobnu komunikaciju. Neki autori nazivaju ovu vezu internetom biljaka. Za uzvrat, biljke gljivama daju \u0161e\u0107ere koje proizvode kroz proces fotosinteze. Pretpostavlja se da oko 90% vrsta biljaka stvara mikorizu. Unato\u010d velikoj ekolo\u0161koj va\u017enosti, jedna su od najslabije istra\u017eenih skupina organizama. Pretpostavlja se da u Hrvatskoj \u017eivi oko 20.000 vrsta gljiva, no do danas ih je zabilje\u017eeno manje od 5.000. Treba naglasiti da je u Zagreba\u010dkoj \u017eupaniji na\u0111eno mno\u0161tvo rijetkih i ugro\u017eenih vrsta, a neke od njih poznate su s jednog jedinog lokaliteta u cijeloj Hrvatskoj. Prema Crvenoj knjizi gljiva Hrvatske iz 2008., neke od tih vrsta su rubinski ljepljivac, paprena kostanjev\u010dica i planinska pu\u017eevica koje su poznate samo iz okolice Velike Gorice te suhoperkina mo\u010dvarnica poznata samo s creta Dubravica. Osim njih, treba istaknuti i 3 kriti\u010dno ugro\u017eene vrste poznate s creta Dubravica \u2013 mo\u010dvarna patuljica, cretna patuljica i cretna vla\u017enica, koje su zabilje\u017eene na jo\u0161 samo 3 druga lokaliteta.\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"ult-overlay-close top-right\" style=\"width:60px;height:60px; \"><div class=\"ult-overlay-close-inside\">Close<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616028400967{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;11578&#8243; img_size=&#8221;800&#215;800&#8243; alignment=&#8221;right&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616027557234{background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}&#8221;][vc_column]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-6a1ba5fa6e685\" data-id=\"6a1ba5fa6e685\" data-height=\"75\" data-height-mobile=\"75\" data-height-tab=\"75\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_id=&#8221;podzemnaFauna&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616028400967{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;11574&#8243; img_size=&#8221;800&#215;800&#8243; alignment=&#8221;right&#8221;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616028838001{background-color: #ffffff !important;}&#8221; el_class=&#8221;square-right&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1>Podzemna fauna<\/h1>\n<p>Prema podacima objavljenima u \u201eAtlasu \u0161piljskih tipskih lokaliteta faune Republike Hrvatske, svezak 2\u201d iz 2013. godine, U Hrvatskoj su opisane 443 vrste i podvrste iz 255 \u0161pilja i jama, a procjenjuje se da je u dinarskom kr\u0161u opisano njih oko 1.200.[\/vc_column_text]<div id=\"modal-trg-txt-wrap-1025\" class=\"ult-modal-input-wrapper ult-adjust-bottom-margin    \" data-keypress-control=\"keypress-control-enable\" data-overlay-control=\"overlay-control-enable\"><button  data-ultimate-target='#modal-trg-txt-wrap-1025 .btn-modal'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:26px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"background:rgba(255,255,255,0.65);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.65);color:#3f3f3f; font-family:&#039;Raleway&#039;;\" data-class-id=\"content-6a1ba5fa6e6d03-64345471\" class=\"btn-modal ult-responsive btn-primary btn-modal-lg overlay-show ult-align-right btn-id-6a1ba5fa6e6d03-64345471\" data-overlay-class=\"overlay-fade\">Saznajte vi\u0161e<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"ult-overlay content-6a1ba5fa6e6d03-64345471 \" data-class=\"content-6a1ba5fa6e6d03-64345471\" id=\"button-click-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(51,51,51,0.8); display:none;\">\n\t<div class=\"ult_modal ult-fade ult-medium\">\n\t\t<div id=\"ult-modal-wrap-2244\" class=\"ult_modal-content ult-hide\" style=\"border-style:solid;border-width:2px;border-radius:0px;border-color:#333333;\">\n\t\t\t<div  data-ultimate-target='#ult-modal-wrap-2244 .ult_modal-body'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"ult_modal-body ult-responsive ult-html\" style=\"\">\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h1>Podzemna fauna<\/h1>\n<p>Prema podacima objavljenima u \u201eAtlasu \u0161piljskih tipskih lokaliteta faune Republike Hrvatske, svezak 2\u201d iz 2013. godine, U Hrvatskoj su opisane 443 vrste i podvrste iz 255 \u0161pilja i jama, a procjenjuje se da je u dinarskom kr\u0161u opisano njih oko 1.200. \u0160piljskim stani\u0161tima brojem vrsta dominiraju kornja\u0161i, rakovi, pu\u017eevi, la\u017ei\u0161tipavci, pauci i dvojenoge. Ve\u0107ina \u0161piljskih vrsta ima vrlo ograni\u010deno podru\u010dje rasprostranjenosti, a gotovo 70% su endemi Hrvatske. Me\u0111u njima su jedina do danas poznata podzemna slatkovodna spu\u017eva i jedini poznati slatkovodni podzemni \u0161koljka\u0161i. I od kopnenih vrsta u Hrvatskoj \u017eivi jedini lete\u0107i organizam potpuno prilago\u0111en \u017eivotu u \u0161pilji \u2013 \u0161piljska hajdi (<em>Troglocladius hajdi<\/em>) koja je na\u0111ena samo u Jamskom sustavu Lukina jama \u2013 Trojama i to isklju\u010divo na dubini ve\u0107oj od 800 metara. Hrvatska je me\u0111u najve\u0107im \u017eari\u0161tima bioraznolikosti podzemnih organizama na razini cijele planete. U Zagreba\u010dkoj \u017eupaniji imamo zabilje\u017eena 83 speleolo\u0161ka objekta. Smje\u0161teni su na podru\u010djima gradova Samobor, Jastrebarsko i Zapre\u0161i\u0107 te Op\u0107ine Kra\u0161i\u0107, a mnoge od njih unutar Parka prirode \u017dumberak \u2013 samoborsko gorje. Me\u0111u njima su Spomenik prirode Grgosova \u0161pilja i Natura 2000 podru\u010dje Vugrinova \u0161pilja u kojoj su na\u0111eni primjerci la\u017ei\u0161tipavaca rodova Chtonius i Roncus, a za koje se smatra da se vjerojatno radi o novim vrstama koje ranije nisu bile poznate s niti jednog drugog lokaliteta na svijetu. La\u017ei\u0161tipavci izgledom tijela podsje\u0107aju na puno poznatije \u0161korpione, s time da la\u017ei\u0161tipavci nemaju otrovnu bodlju na zatku. Veli\u010dine su od 2,5 mm do \u010dak 7,5 mm i predatori su.\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"ult-overlay-close top-right\" style=\"width:60px;height:60px; \"><div class=\"ult-overlay-close-inside\">Close<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616027557234{background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}&#8221;][vc_column]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-6a1ba5fa6e711\" data-id=\"6a1ba5fa6e711\" data-height=\"75\" data-height-mobile=\"75\" data-height-tab=\"75\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_id=&#8221;alge&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616028410803{background-color: #ffffff !important;}&#8221; el_class=&#8221;square-left&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1>Alge<\/h1>\n<p>Alge su jednostavni vodeni organizmi koji dijele neke osobine s biljkama, ali nemaju korijen, stabljiku niti li\u0161\u0107e. Radi se o prastaroj skupini koja je stara barem 1,2 milijarde godina, a mnoge studije upu\u0107uju na to da su alge bile prvi vi\u0161estani\u010dni organizmi na Zemlji.[\/vc_column_text]<div id=\"modal-trg-txt-wrap-6789\" class=\"ult-modal-input-wrapper ult-adjust-bottom-margin    \" data-keypress-control=\"keypress-control-enable\" data-overlay-control=\"overlay-control-enable\"><button  data-ultimate-target='#modal-trg-txt-wrap-6789 .btn-modal'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:26px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"background:#ffffff;border-color:#ffffff;color:#3f3f3f; font-family:&#039;Raleway&#039;;\" data-class-id=\"content-6a1ba5fa6e7547-18962019\" class=\"btn-modal ult-responsive btn-primary btn-modal-lg overlay-show ult-align-right btn-id-6a1ba5fa6e7547-18962019\" data-overlay-class=\"overlay-fade\">Saznajte vi\u0161e<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"ult-overlay content-6a1ba5fa6e7547-18962019 \" data-class=\"content-6a1ba5fa6e7547-18962019\" id=\"button-click-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(51,51,51,0.8); display:none;\">\n\t<div class=\"ult_modal ult-fade ult-medium\">\n\t\t<div id=\"ult-modal-wrap-5945\" class=\"ult_modal-content ult-hide\" style=\"border-style:solid;border-width:2px;border-radius:0px;border-color:#333333;\">\n\t\t\t<div  data-ultimate-target='#ult-modal-wrap-5945 .ult_modal-body'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"ult_modal-body ult-responsive ult-html\" style=\"\">\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h1>Alge<\/h1>\n<p>Alge su jednostavni vodeni organizmi koji dijele neke osobine s biljkama, ali nemaju korijen, stabljiku niti li\u0161\u0107e. Radi se o prastaroj skupini koja je stara barem 1,2 milijarde godina, a mnoge studije upu\u0107uju na to da su alge bile prvi vi\u0161estani\u010dni organizmi na Zemlji. Procjenjuje se da postoji minimalno 30.000 vrsta, a neke procjene govore da bi moglo postojati i do milijun vrsta. Mnoge od njih su jednostani\u010dne zbog \u010dega ih je mogu\u0107e vidjeti samo pomo\u0107u mikroskopa. Druge raste u filamentima ili krpastim tvorevinama koje su vrlo vidljive. Imaju klorofil i sposobne su za fotosintezu, proces kroz kojim proizvode vlastitu hranu i kisik. Procjenjuje se da su sve alge zajedno zaslu\u017ene za izme\u0111u 50 i 85% svjetske proizvodnje kisika. Ve\u0107ina ih je u moru, ali slatkovodne alge su jednako va\u017ene jer \u010dine osnovu svih slatkovodnih ekosustava u kojima proizvode hranu i kisik za druge organizme, a pri tome i pro\u010di\u0161\u0107avaju vodu kroz apsorpciju nutrijenata i te\u0161kih metala. Bez organizama koji mogu zarobiti energiju sunca kroz fotosintezu, izumrli bi apsolutno svi vi\u0161i organizmi na Zemlji. Vrijedne su i kao indikatori kvalitete vode. Uglavnom dolaze u fokus javnosti tek kada se u vodnim tijelima pojavi neko zaga\u0111enje koje dovede do cvjetanja algi popra\u0107enog neugodnim mirisima, a sve one pozitivne uloge ostaju nezamije\u0107ene. Mogu \u017eivjeti u stupcu vode kao dio planktona ili se prihva\u0107aju za razli\u010dite povr\u0161ine u vodi kao \u0161to su kamenje ili mulj u potocima i rijekama. Uglavnom su brojnije u sporo teku\u0107im ili staja\u0107im vodama. Glavne skupine algi koje nalazimo u slatkovodnim sustavima su zelene i crvene alge te alge kremenja\u0161ice.&nbsp;\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"ult-overlay-close top-right\" style=\"width:60px;height:60px; \"><div class=\"ult-overlay-close-inside\">Close<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616028400967{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;10986&#8243; img_size=&#8221;800&#215;800&#8243; alignment=&#8221;right&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616027557234{background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}&#8221;][vc_column]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-6a1ba5fa6e78c\" data-id=\"6a1ba5fa6e78c\" data-height=\"75\" data-height-mobile=\"75\" data-height-tab=\"75\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_id=&#8221;lisajevi&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616028400967{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;10984&#8243; img_size=&#8221;800&#215;800&#8243; alignment=&#8221;right&#8221;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616028838001{background-color: #ffffff !important;}&#8221; el_class=&#8221;square-right&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1>Li\u0161ajevi<\/h1>\n<p>Li\u0161ajevi nisu jedan organizam, ve\u0107 primjer mutualisti\u010dkog odnosa u kojem gljiva \u017eivi u bliskom kontaktu s nekim organizmom sposobnim za fotosintezu (alge ili cijanobakterije). Gljiva je u pravilu dominantna u tom odnosu zbog \u010dega li\u0161ajevi funkcioniraju vi\u0161e kao gljive.[\/vc_column_text]<div id=\"modal-trg-txt-wrap-4734\" class=\"ult-modal-input-wrapper ult-adjust-bottom-margin    \" data-keypress-control=\"keypress-control-enable\" data-overlay-control=\"overlay-control-enable\"><button  data-ultimate-target='#modal-trg-txt-wrap-4734 .btn-modal'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:26px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"background:rgba(255,255,255,0.65);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.65);color:#3f3f3f; font-family:&#039;Raleway&#039;;\" data-class-id=\"content-6a1ba5fa6e7cc7-27878821\" class=\"btn-modal ult-responsive btn-primary btn-modal-lg overlay-show ult-align-right btn-id-6a1ba5fa6e7cc7-27878821\" data-overlay-class=\"overlay-fade\">Saznajte vi\u0161e<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"ult-overlay content-6a1ba5fa6e7cc7-27878821 \" data-class=\"content-6a1ba5fa6e7cc7-27878821\" id=\"button-click-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(51,51,51,0.8); display:none;\">\n\t<div class=\"ult_modal ult-fade ult-medium\">\n\t\t<div id=\"ult-modal-wrap-3544\" class=\"ult_modal-content ult-hide\" style=\"border-style:solid;border-width:2px;border-radius:0px;border-color:#333333;\">\n\t\t\t<div  data-ultimate-target='#ult-modal-wrap-3544 .ult_modal-body'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"ult_modal-body ult-responsive ult-html\" style=\"\">\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h1>Li\u0161ajevi<\/h1>\n<p>Li\u0161ajevi nisu jedan organizam, ve\u0107 primjer mutualisti\u010dkog odnosa u kojem gljiva \u017eivi u bliskom kontaktu s nekim organizmom sposobnim za fotosintezu (alge ili cijanobakterije). Gljiva je u pravilu dominantna u tom odnosu zbog \u010dega li\u0161ajevi funkcioniraju vi\u0161e kao gljive. Kao pravilo, niti gljiva niti fotosintetski organizam ne mogu pre\u017eivjeti sami bez simbiontske veze. Strukturirani su na na\u010din da je hifa gljive omotana oko svog partnera. Alge ili cijanobakterije osiguravaju ugljik i energiju u obliku ugljkohidrata, a li\u0161ajevi koji se sastoje od nekih vrsta cijanobakterija fiksiraju jo\u0161 i du\u0161ik iz atmosfere. Za uzvrat, gljive pru\u017eaju minerale i za\u0161titu od su\u0161enja i pretjeranog osvjetljenja omataju\u0107i algu u svoj micelij. Njihova uloga je i u pri\u010dvr\u0161\u0107ivanju li\u0161aja za supstrat.<br \/>\nNastanjuju uglavnom koru drve\u0107a, zidove, kamenje, krovove, tlo i sli\u010dno. Sposobni su nastaniti goli kamen, a kroz du\u017ee vrijeme, ovakav neplodan supstrat postaje sve plodniji te tako stvaraju uvjete za rast drugih organizama. Vrlo dobro fiksiraju du\u0161ik \u010dime tlo oko sebe \u010dine plodnijim. Za svoj rast trebaju \u010dist zrak, a iz zraka izuzimaju mnoge tvari uklju\u010duju\u0107i ugljikov dioksid i te\u0161ke metale. Zbog toga imaju i ulogu pro\u010di\u0161\u0107avanja zraka, a dobar su indikator \u010distog zraka. U Hrvatskoj je zabilje\u017eeno oko 1250 vrsta.\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"ult-overlay-close top-right\" style=\"width:60px;height:60px; \"><div class=\"ult-overlay-close-inside\">Close<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616027557234{background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}&#8221;][vc_column]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-6a1ba5fa6e803\" data-id=\"6a1ba5fa6e803\" data-height=\"75\" data-height-mobile=\"75\" data-height-tab=\"75\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row bg_type=&#8221;bg_color&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1646222967364{margin-right: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}&#8221;][vc_column][vc_text_separator title=&#8221;Otkrijte tajanstveni svijet koji vas okru\u017euje&#8221; color=&#8221;sandy_brown&#8221; style=&#8221;double&#8221; el_width=&#8221;80&#8243;]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-6a1ba5fa6e816\" data-id=\"6a1ba5fa6e816\" data-height=\"36\" data-height-mobile=\"36\" data-height-tab=\"36\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;]\n<div id=\"interactive-banner-1-wrap-7139\" class=\"ult-banner-block ult-adjust-bottom-margin ult-bb-box ult-banner-block-custom-height banner-style12 \"   style=\"height:250px;\">\n\t<img src=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Naslovna-4.jpg\" alt=\"null\">\n\t<div class=\"mask opaque-background\" style=\"background:rgba(9,105,0,0.3);\">\n\t\t<div  data-ultimate-target='#interactive-banner-1-wrap-7139 .bb-description'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"bb-description ult-responsive\" style=\"font-weight:normal;color:#ffffff;\">SISAVCI<\/div>\n\t<\/div><a class=\"bb-link\" href=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/tajanstveni-stanovnici\/sisavci\/\" title=\"Sisavci\" ><\/a>\n<\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;]\n<div id=\"interactive-banner-1-wrap-3388\" class=\"ult-banner-block ult-adjust-bottom-margin ult-bb-box ult-banner-block-custom-height banner-style12 \"   style=\"height:250px;\">\n\t<img src=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Naslovna.jpg\" alt=\"null\">\n\t<div class=\"mask opaque-background\" style=\"background:rgba(9,105,0,0.3);\">\n\t\t<div  data-ultimate-target='#interactive-banner-1-wrap-3388 .bb-description'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"bb-description ult-responsive\" style=\"font-weight:normal;color:#ffffff;\">KUKCI<\/div>\n\t<\/div><a class=\"bb-link\" href=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/tajanstveni-stanovnici\/kukci\/\" title=\"Kukci\" ><\/a>\n<\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;]\n<div id=\"interactive-banner-1-wrap-6962\" class=\"ult-banner-block ult-adjust-bottom-margin ult-bb-box ult-banner-block-custom-height banner-style12 \"   style=\"height:250px;\">\n\t<img src=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Ribe.jpg\" alt=\"null\">\n\t<div class=\"mask opaque-background\" style=\"background:rgba(9,105,0,0.3);\">\n\t\t<div  data-ultimate-target='#interactive-banner-1-wrap-6962 .bb-description'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"bb-description ult-responsive\" style=\"font-weight:normal;color:#ffffff;\">RIBE<\/div>\n\t<\/div><a class=\"bb-link\" href=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/tajanstveni-stanovnici\/ribe\/\" title=\"Ribe\" ><\/a>\n<\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;]\n<div id=\"interactive-banner-1-wrap-9981\" class=\"ult-banner-block ult-adjust-bottom-margin ult-bb-box ult-banner-block-custom-height banner-style12 \"   style=\"height:250px;\">\n\t<img src=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Naslovna-3.jpg\" alt=\"null\">\n\t<div class=\"mask opaque-background\" style=\"background:rgba(9,105,0,0.3);\">\n\t\t<div  data-ultimate-target='#interactive-banner-1-wrap-9981 .bb-description'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"bb-description ult-responsive\" style=\"font-weight:normal;color:#ffffff;\">BILJKE<\/div>\n\t<\/div><a class=\"bb-link\" href=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/tajanstveni-stanovnici\/biljke\/\" title=\"Biljke\" ><\/a>\n<\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;]\n<div id=\"interactive-banner-1-wrap-2061\" class=\"ult-banner-block ult-adjust-bottom-margin ult-bb-box ult-banner-block-custom-height banner-style12 \"   style=\"height:250px;\">\n\t<img src=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Naslovna-fotka.jpg\" alt=\"null\">\n\t<div class=\"mask opaque-background\" style=\"background:rgba(9,105,0,0.3);\">\n\t\t<div  data-ultimate-target='#interactive-banner-1-wrap-2061 .bb-description'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"bb-description ult-responsive\" style=\"font-weight:normal;color:#ffffff;\">VODOZEMCI I GMAZOVI<\/div>\n\t<\/div><a class=\"bb-link\" href=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/tajanstveni-stanovnici\/vodozemci-i-gmazovi\/\" title=\"Vodozemci i gmazovi\" ><\/a>\n<\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;]\n<div id=\"interactive-banner-1-wrap-7625\" class=\"ult-banner-block ult-adjust-bottom-margin ult-bb-box ult-banner-block-custom-height banner-style12 \"   style=\"height:250px;\">\n\t<img src=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/naslovna-1.jpg\" alt=\"null\">\n\t<div class=\"mask opaque-background\" style=\"background:rgba(9,105,0,0.3);\">\n\t\t<div  data-ultimate-target='#interactive-banner-1-wrap-7625 .bb-description'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"bb-description ult-responsive\" style=\"font-weight:normal;color:#ffffff;\">PTICE<\/div>\n\t<\/div><a class=\"bb-link\" href=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/tajanstveni-stanovnici\/ptice\/\" title=\"Ptice\" ><\/a>\n<\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616027557234{background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text] U jednoj od najpoznatijih knjiga svih vremena &#8211; Malom princu, Antoine de Saint-Exupery napisao je: \u201ebitno je o\u010dima nevidljivo\u201c. Sli\u010dno se mo\u017ee primijeniti na \u017eiva bi\u0107a na Zemlji, ali i na prirodu op\u0107enito. Za ilustraciju, ako [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10983,"parent":3089,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.4.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>I jo\u0161... - JU Zeleni prsten Zagreba\u010dke \u017eupanije<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zeleni-prsten.hr\/portal\/tajanstveni-stanovnici\/i-jos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hr_HR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"I jo\u0161... - JU Zeleni prsten Zagreba\u010dke \u017eupanije\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1616027557234{background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text] U jednoj od najpoznatijih knjiga svih vremena &#8211; Malom princu, Antoine de Saint-Exupery napisao je: \u201ebitno je o\u010dima nevidljivo\u201c. Sli\u010dno se mo\u017ee primijeniti na \u017eiva bi\u0107a na Zemlji, ali i na prirodu op\u0107enito. 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